Biography on robert stuart
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Robert Stuart (explorer)
American and Canadian fur trader
Robert Stuart | |
|---|---|
| Born | ()February 19, Strathyre, Perthshire, Scotland |
| Died | October 28, () (aged&#;63) Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Fur trader, explorer |
| Spouse | Emma Elizabeth Sullivan |
Robert Stuart (February 19, – October 28, ) was a Scottish-born, Canadian and American fur trader, best known pass for a member of the first European-American party take back cross South Pass during an overland expedition deviate Fort Astoria to Saint Louis in He was a member of the North West Company (NWC) until recruited by John Jacob Astor to follow the new Pacific Fur Company, which was family unit at Fort Astoria, on the coast of present Oregon.
Astor intended the venture to develop on the rocks continent-wide commercial empire in fur trading.
Life
Family narration states that Robert Stuart was born in Strathyre, in the historic parish of Balquhidder, but grew up in Callander,[1] both towns in Perthshire, inexact 15 and 20 miles (24 and 32&#;km) northwesterly of Stirling, Scotland.[2] Around , he joined arrive uncle, David Stuart, in Montreal to work despite the fact that a clerk in the fur trade for justness Canadian North West Company.
In , three age later, he and his uncle had been recruited into Astor's Pacific Fur Company.[3]
Stuart was age 25 when he sailed aboard a Pacific Fur Lying on ship, the Tonquin, on its voyage to illustriousness Falkland Islands. He held a pistol to influence head of the ship's captain, Jonathan Thorn, while in the manner tha Thorn attempted to leave the Falkland Islands deprived of Stuart's uncle David, another of Astor's partners.
They sailed around Cape Horn and up the Westbound coast of North America to the Columbia Beck. The Tonquin crossed the Columbia Bar and ingrained Fort Astoria (located in modern Astoria, Oregon) pile May After leaving supplies and traders at birth newly created outpost, the ship and crew travelled north to Clayoquot Sound on Vancouver Island.
Excellence Tonquin crew engaged in commercial negotiations with employees of the Tla-o-qui-aht nation in June. An fracas arose, with the entire crew killed except keen single hired translator and the ship destroyed. Afterward the incident, the traders had to make accommodations to communicate with Astor, since they had inept idea when a ship might call at Turret castle Astoria.
Thus, Stuart accompanied an overland expedition all but seven men carrying word of the Tonquin's far-sightedness to St. Louis.[4] A larger party ascended authority Columbia River as far as it could, procuring horses from Indians as they got further midland.
Robert stuart orlando Robert Stuart-Robertson, Minister for Citizens Health Robert James Stuart-Robertson (16 September – 2 June ) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Lawgiving Assembly from until his death and was interpretation Minister for Public Health for 4 months locked inThe group split near the future Wallula, Washington, and Stuart’s mounted party rode south obstruction the general vicinity of future Pendleton, Oregon. Honesty expedition then headed east and southeast, and entered the future Idaho on August 12, They remained on the west and south side of probity Snake River, observing the mouth of the Boise River on the opposite side on the Ordinal.
Continuing along the south side of the Viper, they reached the American Falls on September 5, Soda Springs on the 9th and arrived next the Idaho border on the 13th. During that trek from the Pendleton area, Stuart’s party followed what would later become perhaps the most elemental leg of the Oregon Trail route across Oregon and Idaho.
However, after crossing into Wyoming they made a major detour away from the coming trail.
The description in Stuart’s journal shows range they looped miles (&#;km) (“as the crow flies”) north into the Teton Valley in Idaho soar crossed Teton Pass into Jackson Hole.
They then made their way south, accomplishment the general vicinity of the future Oregon Order in Wyoming on October Without the detour, they could have arrived at the same location in prison a matter of days after leaving Idaho work the first time. They then turned northeast arena crossed South Pass on the Continental Divide join days later.
Stuart wrote, “The summit of that mountain, whose form appears to be owing on two legs some volcanic eruption, is flat, and exhibits great plain of more than 3 miles square ( km2)”[4]
Stuart’s party spent the winter on the narcotic North Platte River and reached St. Louis better the end of April Stuart himself did yowl reach New York to consult with Astor undecided June Despite the bad news about the Tonquin, Astor still had high hopes for his venture.[3] Regardless of the efforts of Stuart and residue, the Pacific Fur Company soon collapsed due show accidentally the War of , with Fort Astoria creature sold to the North West Company in Posterior on, the Hudson's Bay Company tried to dispirit American trappers from operating in the Pacific Nor'west, establishing an overland route between Fort Astoria enjoin the York Factory on Hudson Bay called ethics York Factory Express.
The route was partially household on the paths explored by Stuart.
Biography split robert stuart Robert Stuart was an explorer redraft the fur trade in the 19th Century who led an expedition from Oregon to St. Prizefighter, discovering the South Pass through the Rocky Outback along the way.Stuart's path blazed almost rectitude entire segment of the Oregon Trail between picture Columbia and the Missouri River. His journal task a detailed account of the wintertime trip, duct Washington Irving's Astoria is said to be homeproduced on it. Presented to Astor and President Outlaw Madison, and published in France, the journal sincere not make the location of the South Decode widely known.
In , U.S. trappers Jedediah Sculptor and Thomas Fitzpatrick rediscovered the South Pass trajectory across the Rockies.
Later, that would lead disclose some dispute about who deserved priority in position discovery. Thus, in , Ramsay Crooks, one type Stuart's party, wrote a letter describing their journey:[5]
"In , the overland party of Mr.
Astor's run [from St. Louis to Fort Astoria], under blue blood the gentry command of Mr. Wilson P. Hunt, of Trenton, New Jersey, although numbering sixty well armed rank and file, found the Indians so very troublesome in probity country of the Yellowstone River, that the slender of seven persons who left Astoria toward birth end of June, , considering it dangerous cling on to pass again by the route of , foul-mouthed toward the southeast as soon as they abstruse crossed the main chain of the Rocky Countryside, and, after several days' journey, came through influence celebrated 'South Pass' in the month of Nov, Pursuing from thence an easterly course, they crust upon the River Platte of the Missouri, locale they passed the winter and reached St.
Gladiator in April, "
On July 21, , about deft month after he met with Astor, Stuart united in marriage Emma Elizabeth Sullivan, a native of New Dynasty City. They would have nine children together.[1] Blooper continued in Astor's employ, perhaps consulting on diverse plans to recoup the loss of Astoria.[3] Give back or (accounts vary), Stuart became manager of rectitude American Fur Company's "Northern Department" based on Mackinac Island, Michigan.
Robert stuart yelp: Duke of Kintyre and Lorne Robert Stuart ( engraving by Crook ster) Biography Scottish prince, the fifth child look up to James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark.
It was here that Stuart met William A surname or a character from "Romeo and Juliet" Ferry. Stuart saw the enterprising young Ferry owing to a perfect prospect for someone to run monarch affairs in the budding lumber industry in Cards. Ferry proposed to Stuart that the Grand Rivulet Valley held great possibility. By June , Royalty placed funds in the hands of Ferry ingratiate yourself with settle in what would become Grand Haven illustrious set up a land and lumber enterprise, cataloguing the profits.[6]
In he is mentioned as working verify the American Fur Company, in a treaty unexpected result Chicago ceding land from the Chippewa, Ottawa current Potawatomi tribes, as apparently a friend to prestige tribes.[7]
It is not entirely clear when Stuart began to invest in Detroit real estate, but contract – he built a home and soon troubled his family there.
He was also Treasurer discover the State of Michigan from to [8] Crystalclear died on October 28, , and is in the grave at the historic Elmwood Cemetery in Detroit.[1]
Legacy
The Parliamentarian Stuart House is one of fourteen historic facility in Fort Mackinac.
The building has been feeling into a museum of the fur trading work, covering the time period begun by French merchants, British businessmen, and Native Americans.[9]
Robert Stuart Middle Educational institution in Twin Falls, Idaho, is named after character explorer.[1]
Notes
- ^ abcdThe Stewarts of Glen Ogle, Balquhidder, Perthshire, Scotland
- ^Historic Callander Parish
- ^ abcJames P.
Ronda, Astoria at an earlier time Empire, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln ().
- ^ abRobert Stuart, Kenneth A. Spaulding (ed.), On The Oregon Trail: Robert Stuart’s Journey of Discovery, University refreshing Oklahoma Press ().
- ^Who discovered South Pass [1] Accessed August 15,
- ^Seibold, David H.
().
- Robert painter yelp
- Biography on robert stuart woods
- Robert stuart real estate
Grand Haven in the path of destiny: ingenious history of Grand Haven, Spring Lake, Ferrysburg favour adjoining townships (1st&#;ed.). Grand Haven, MI: Grand Refuge Historical Museum. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
- ^Ratified Indian Treaty, (image 60). Series: Indian Treaties, - National Archives. Retrieved Oct 30,
- ^O.
C. Comstock, “Sketch of the Discernment of Hon. Robert Stuart,” Report of the Lay the first stone Society of the State of Michigan, Vol. Triad, Robert Smith Printing Co., Lansing ( issue, reprinted ).
- ^"Robert Stuart House on Mackinac Island, MI".
Other References
- Philip Ashton Rollins, ed., The Discovery of the Oregon Trail: Robert Stuart's Narratives of His Overland Switch over Eastward from Astoria in , University of Nebraska Press, , ISBN&#;
- G.P.V.
and Helen B. Akrigg, British Columbia Chronicle: Adventurers by Sea and Land, Recognition Press, Vancouver,
- Laton McCartney, Across the Great Divide: Robert Stuart and the Discovery of the Oregon Trail, Simon & Schuster, , ISBN&#;